This examples shows how to create new lists from custom list templates in SharePoint using PowerShell and CSOM. Custom list templates are STP-files uploaded to the List Template Gallery on the site. This should work both on-premises (2013/2016) and Online (Office 365).
https://gist.github.com/aflyen/da04a090cae03ae4db58589fe2246716
Note: This example uses commands from the Office Dev PnP PowerShell library, ex. "Connect-PnPContext". I recommend using this library for working this PowerShell and SharePoint (both Online and On-Premises).